030] How to Add Elevation Values to Vertices in Global Mapper

Convert 2D CAD drawings into 3D GIS data by manually assigning and interpolating vertex elevations.

Why Vertex Elevation Assignment Is Important in 3D GIS Workflows

In various development and road design plans, design heights (Planned Elevations) are typically designated at major nodal points, with slopes indicated for the sections in between. This tutorial covers the workflow for adding elevation data to 2D lines and areas using the 'Edit Feature Vertices' tool to prepare data for landscape simulations or 3D modeling.

We will learn how to assign height values to the vertices of a Line or Area feature in Global Mapper.

🎥 Video Tutorial: Assigning Heights to Vertices

Need to convert a 2D line into a 3D path? Watch the video below! It demonstrates how to manually assign elevation values to specific vertices and evenly interpolate heights between them using the Feature Vertex List. You can even see the final result in the 3D Viewer!

Video demonstration of the vertex height assignment process

In various development and road design plans, design heights (Planned Elevations) are typically designated at major nodal points, with slopes indicated for the sections in between. However, since most CAD or design data is drawn in 2D (plan view), you must manually apply elevation values to each vertex to use them effectively in landscape simulations or 3D modeling.

Open the practice file and let's get started. Vertex_Height.zip (Verified and safe file for Global Mapper.)

Global Mapper screen showing a 2D road centerline with elevation labels
img 1 : Global Mapper screen showing a 2D road centerline with elevation labels like FH:115.0, FH:100.0

As shown above, the road centerline is displayed along with planned elevations for major points, distances between points, and slope gradients.

Opening the Feature Vertex Editor in Global Mapper

Let's check this in 3D first. Select the Show 3D View icon from the toolbar.

Show 3D View button highlighted
img 2 : Show 3D View button highlighted in the Global Mapper toolbar
3D Viewer showing flat line
img 3 : 3D Viewer window showing the road line appearing completely flat without any elevation

The 3D Viewer window appears. If you rotate the view by right-clicking and dragging, you'll notice that the line is perfectly flat—no height has been applied yet.

Now, let's check the actual vertex information for this line.

Selecting Edit Feature Vertices
img 4 : Selecting the line and navigating to Vertex Editing - Edit Feature Vertices in the context menu

Select the line on the main screen, then go to Vertex Editing -> Edit Feature Vertices.

Feature Vertex List window
img 5 : Feature Vertex List window showing coordinates but no Z elevation values

Understanding Vertex Indexes and Elevation Fields

The green dot at the right end of the line represents the starting point (Idx 1), and the red dot at the left end is the terminal point (Idx 21). Looking at the table, you can see the vertex information, but the height values (Z) are missing.

To assign heights to each vertex, click on Add Elevations....

Add Elevations button
img 6 : Clicking the Add Elevations button at the bottom of the Vertex List

A window will pop up asking if you would like to add elevation values.

Confirmation dialog
img 7 : Confirmation dialog asking to add per-vertex elevations

If you have a terrain layer loaded, Global Mapper can automatically apply the heights from that terrain to the vertices. Click 'Yes'.

Elevations initialized dialog
img 8 : Global Mapper Pro dialog informing that elevations were automatically initialized

Click OK.

Elevation column added
img 9 : The Vertex List now includes an Elevation column, currently all set to 0

An 'Elevation' column is added. If a terrain layer were active, the height of each vertex's location would be applied. In this case, since we are working from a design plan, the values are initially 0. Without closing the window, let's input our design heights.

Double-clicking Idx 1
img 10 : Double-clicking Idx 1 to enter a new elevation value

How to Assign Elevation Values to Individual Vertices

Double-click Idx 1 in the list and click Edit Elevation.

Entering 80
img 11 : Entering the value 80 into the Enter New Elevation dialog

Enter the planned elevation (e.g., 80) and click OK.

Idx 1 updated to 80m
img 12 : Vertex Idx 1 now shows an elevation of 80m

The elevation for Vertex 1 has changed to 80. Now, find the vertices corresponding to the other major points (FH: 95.0, FH: 100.0, FH: 115.0).

Entering 95 for Idx 8
img 13 : Repeating the process to enter 95 for the vertex corresponding to FH:95.0

In this example, Vertex 8 corresponds to FH: 95.0. Just like before, click Edit Elevation and enter 95.

Repeat this process for all major control points. Once you've entered the key heights, right-click anywhere within the list area.

Interpolate Elevations option
img 14 : Right-click menu in the Vertex List showing the Interpolate Elevations option

Interpolating Elevation Values Between Vertices

Select Interpolate Elevations to Replace 0 Values. This will naturally distribute the elevation values for all intermediate vertices between the ones you manually set.

Interpolated Vertex List
img 15 : Feature Vertex List showing all vertices with interpolated elevation values

As you can see, the values for the vertices between our fixed points have been distributed smoothly. Click OK.

Viewing the Final 3D Road Geometry

Now, let's verify the results in the 3D Viewer.

3D Viewer results
img 16 : 3D Viewer showing the road centerline with a visible slope

Because the slope values are relatively gradual compared to the total length, the elevation change may appear subtle in the 3D Viewer.

You can now export this road centerline to CityEngine or other 3D software for further modeling.

That's all for today!

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